The Lithium Boom in Serbia: What’s Happening and What’s Europe’s Role?

The Promising Lithium Mine in Serbia: Challenges and Controversies

Europe’s quest for lithium has led to the discovery of a promising mine in Serbia.
However, issues are arising, and the deposit may never become operational.

Located along the Jadar River in Serbian territory, rich deposits of “white gold” have been sought after for decades.
These deposits could potentially supply up to 90% of the lithium needed by Europe for its transition to emission-free transportation.

The Anglo-Australian mining giant Rio Tinto was among the first explorers, obtaining permission to develop the Jadar deposit in 2017.
However, a wave of protests two years ago had halted the project.

Now, Serbia is once again in turmoil, and Europe is not a mere spectator.
Under pressure from the European Union, to which Serbia aspires to join, the government reversed its decision in July, allowing Rio Tinto to relaunch the project, reigniting public protests.

Environmental Concerns and Public Outcry

The mobilizations are fueled by fears of the drastic environmental impact of the operation planned by Rio Tinto.
The mine, expected to open in 2028, is estimated to produce 58,000 metric tons by 2030, enough for batteries in 1.1 million electric vehicles.

Amidst these developments, support from the EU and partnerships with major automakers like Mercedes-Benz and Stellantis have added to the controversy.
Concerns over air and water pollution have sparked massive street protests against President Aleksandar Vucic in Serbia.

The Geopolitical Landscape

The Serbian mine has become a battleground not just for environmentalists but also a proxy arena in the West’s attempts to sway the country away from Russia’s traditional sphere of influence.

While Moscow enjoys support from Serbian nationalists and is allegedly fueling unrest, President Vucic claims that the West is orchestrating protests to overthrow him.
The project has united various groups against the government, eroding Serbian trust in EU values.

Amidst global market fluctuations and geopolitical tensions, Europe’s focus on securing lithium closer to home stands as a strategic move.
The Serbian mine project embodies competing interests, geopolitical shifts, and public frustrations in a complex landscape.